Your birding adventure begins at 6:30 AM as you arrive at the Kitulgala Forest Reserve trailhead, where your experienced naturalist guide briefs you on the endemic species you’ll be targeting. As you enter the forest at 6:45 AM—prime time for bird activity—the distinctive calls of endemic species echo through the canopy while your guide’s trained ear picks out individual voices from the chorus. Moving quietly along the trail, you’ll stop frequently every kilometer to rest, observe, and photograph species as they feed and move through the trees. The trek follows natural pathways through pristine lowland rainforest, where towering dipterocarp trees and dense undergrowth create a perfect habitat for Sri Lanka’s endemic avifauna. Mid-trek, you’ll encounter the stunning Makulella and Lenthiri Ella waterfalls—refreshing spots to rest and enjoy light refreshments. Throughout the morning, your guide shares fascinating details about bird ecology and conservation while positioning your group for optimal sightings and photography opportunities. By 11:30 AM, you’ll return to the trailhead having experienced one of Sri Lanka’s premier birding locations, your checklist hopefully filled with rare endemic species seen nowhere else on Earth.
Kitulgala Forest Reserve is located in the Sabaragamuwa Province, approximately 90 km east of Colombo in Sri Lanka’s wet zone. The reserve protects a crucial corridor of lowland tropical rainforest at elevations between 150-500 meters—habitat essential for many endemic bird species.
Kitulgala’s ornithological significance rivals even the famous Sinharaja Forest Reserve. The area is particularly renowned for being the location where the Serendib Scops Owl (Otus thilohoffmanni) was rediscovered in 2001, a species thought extinct for over a century. This discovery placed Kitulgala on the global birding map.
The forest reserve supports an exceptional diversity of Sri Lanka’s 34 endemic bird species, particularly lowland specialists that are challenging to find elsewhere. Target species include Green-billed Coucal, Red-faced Malkoha, Chestnut-backed Owlet, Sri Lanka Spot-winged Thrush, Ceylon Junglefowl, Sri Lanka Spurfowl, Grey Hornbill, Yellow-fronted Barbet, and many others.
Beyond birds, Kitulgala’s forests harbor endemic mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and butterflies, making it a biodiversity hotspot. The area also features beautiful waterfalls including Makulella Falls and Lenthiri Ella Falls, adding scenic beauty to the birding experience.
Kitulgala town is famous as the filming location for the movie “Bridge on the River Kwai” and offers various adventure activities. However, the forest reserve remains relatively unspoiled, providing authentic wilderness experiences.
The best birding season is November to April (dry season), though birding is excellent year-round. Early morning (6:00 AM – 10:00 AM) offers peak bird activity.
Guests can access Kitulgala from Colombo (2.5 hours), Kandy (2 hours), Nuwara Eliya (3 hours), or Hatton (2.5 hours). Overnight accommodation in Kitulgala is strongly recommended for the early start.
GPS Coordinates: 6.9897° N, 80.4178° E
Nearest Town: Kitulgala (5 km)